Small-scale farmers across Kenya are hopeful that the government’s ongoing review of the Seed and Plant Variety Act of 2012 will end years of restrictions that have hindered the exchange and use of indigenous seeds.
The issue took centre stage at the 4th Indigenous Seeds and Food Harvest Fair 2025 held in Nanyuki, Laikipia County, where more than 100 exhibitors showcased traditional seed varieties and called for policies that protect farmers’ rights.
The current law criminalizes sharing and exchanging uncertified seeds, imposing fines of up to Ksh 1 million or two years in jail — a clause that farmers and advocates say stifles indigenous knowledge and food sovereignty.
According to Ann Maina, Director of the Intersectoral Forum on Agro-Biodiversity and Agroecology (ISFAA), the review process now underway will recognize farmers’ seed systems and make it easier for communities to conserve and exchange traditional varieties.
“The existing law was punitive and failed to appreciate farmers’ contribution to seed conservation. This review will be a major relief, as smallholder farmers have sustained the country’s food system for decades,” she said.
Dominic Kimani from the Seeds Savers Network said indigenous seeds are naturally resilient to drought and pests, making them vital in mitigating the effects of climate change and ensuring food security.
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“Traditional seeds are disappearing. If we lose them, we lose our independence and resilience as a farming nation,” he said.
Farmers are also awaiting a landmark court ruling on November 27, 2025, in a petition filed by 15 small-scale farmers challenging the constitutionality of the Seed and Plant Variety Act (2012) and the Seed Regulations (2016).
Last year’s fair was held in Nyando, Kisumu County, with previous editions hosted in Nairobi. Organizers say the Nanyuki edition marks growing momentum toward recognizing indigenous seeds as a national resource critical to sustainable agriculture.
By Our reporter
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